arch/debian.sh

#!/bin/bash
########################
# What this script is:
#
# An automatic installer for Debian Stable with BTRFS, Snapshots, and Full-disk-encryption
#
# INSTRUCTIONS 
#
# For new disk installs, initialize the disk to setup Encryption and partitions:
# ./debian.sh initialize nvme0n1 (DO NOT SPECIFY /dev/ !)
#
# Before running the install, ensure that you have Internet access. If you modify the 
# WIRELESS_PASSWORD and SSID in this file, you can connect to the Internet with:
# ./debian.sh wifi 
#
# Plesae be sure to change USER,USER_PASSWORD,DISK_PASSWORD, and ROOT_PASSWORD strings in this file 
#
# To install/reinstall the OS:
# ./debian.sh install nvme0n1
# 
# reboot
########################
#Configure this section
########################
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
TARGET='/install'
mkdir $TARGET
######################################
echo
HARD_DISK=$2
EFI="/dev/$(lsblk | grep $HARD_DISK | head -2 | tail -1 | cut -c 7-20 | cut -d ' ' -f1)"
BTRFS="/dev/$(lsblk | grep $HARD_DISK | head -4 | tail -1 | cut -c 7-20 | cut -d ' ' -f1)"
BOOT="/dev/$(lsblk | grep $HARD_DISK | head -3 | tail -1 | cut -c 7-20 | cut -d ' ' -f1)"
ROOT_NAME='deb'
#NET_BACKUP='-t cifs -o username=guest,password=123456 //192.168.0.153/backup'
#HOME_BACKUP="root@server2:/raid/backup/home/"
NET_BACKUP='/dev/disk/by-uuid/1a143f83-d4fe-4894-8e67-2b6d3baacea6'
HOME_BACKUP="$TARGET/home"

######################################
USER="verita84"
USER_PASSWORD="123456"
ROOT_PASSWORD="123456"
WIRELESS_PASSWORD='123456'
SSID='123456'
WIRELESS_INTERFACE='wlan0'
DISK_PASSWORD='123456'
COMPRESSION='compress=zlib:5'
DEBIAN_RELEASE='stable'
FLATPAKS+=( app/net.brinkervii.grapejuice org.kde.kdenlive )

#Packages
PACKAGES=" telegram-desktop minidlna keepassxc libsecret-tools libglu1-mesa preload apt-transport-https zram-tools samba samba-common nfs-common nfs-kernel-server linux-cpupower locales redis cockpit cockpit-machines cockpit-podman flatpak powertop blueman cups acpi packagekit cockpit-packagekit cockpit-pcp cockpit-storaged acpid podman ghostscript cifs-utils ntp vim-airline rsync screen base udev git network-manager efibootmgr linux-headers-amd64 cryptsetup network-manager-openvpn ntp screen docbook-xsl alsa-utils sysstat redis neofetch fuse3 build-essential unzip bash-completion parted dosfstools wget curl "
SHARED_DESKTOP_APPS=" gnome-core gimp gnome-tweaks evolution nextcloud-desktop gnome-photos handbrake vlc libreoffice "
#REMOVED="  aardvark-dns podman-compose yt-dlp podman-toolbox syncthing "
VIRTUALIZATION=" virt-manager qemu-system libvirt-daemon-system ovmf "

PACKAGES=$PACKAGES$SHARED_DESKTOP_APPS$VIRTUALIZATION
SERVICES+=( powertop preload );

auto_login(){
    sed -i "/#WaylandEnable=false/a AutomaticLoginEnable=True" $TARGET/etc/gdm3/daemon.conf
    sed -i "/True/a AutomaticLogin=$USER" $TARGET/etc/gdm3/daemon.conf
}

create-smb-snapshots(){
    echo;echo "[Creating new snapshots.....]";echo
    time tar cvpzf $TARGET/$1.tgz --exclude=/volumes/* --exclude=/mnt/* --exclude=/var/tmp/* --exclude=/tmp/* --exclude=/raid/* --exclude=/root/* --exclude=/var/cache/apt/archives/* --exclude=/proc/* --exclude=/.snapshots/* --exclude=$TARGET/* --exclude=/var/lib/libvirt/* --exclude=/dev/* --exclude=/sys/* --exclude=/home/* --exclude=/var/lib/postgresql --exclude=/var/lib/containers  / 
}

homeBackup() {
    echo;echo "[Copying USER data....]";echo
    rsync --progress -avz --delete /home/ --exclude=.cache/ --exclude=.local/share/containers/ $HOME_BACKUP/ 
}

net-backup() {
    umount $TARGET

    echo;echo "[Mounting.....]";echo
    mount $NET_BACKUP $TARGET
    
    if [ "$2" = "home" ]; then
        homeBackup
    fi
    
    create-smb-snapshots "$1"
    cp -f debian.sh $TARGET/
    ls $TARGET/
    umount $TARGET
}

net-restore() {
    partitions
    rm -rf $TARGET/usr $TARGET/sbin $TARGET/lib32 $TARGET/libx32 $TARGET/lib $TARGET/vmlinuz* $TARGET/initrd* $TARGET/bin $TARGET/var $TARGET/root $TARGET/opt $TARGET/etc $TARGET/run 
    tar xfpv $2.tgz -C $TARGET/

    if [ "$3" = "home" ]; then
        rsync -av --progress --delete home/ $TARGET/home/ 
    fi

    fstab
    cp -f debian.sh $TARGET/
    systemMounts
    chroot $TARGET /debian.sh bootloader $1
    chroot $TARGET /debian.sh btrfs-tweaks
    rm -f $TARGET/debian.sh
    unmount
}

systemMounts(){
    mount -o rbind /dev $TARGET/dev
    mount -o rbind /dev/pts $TARGET/dev/pts
    mount -o rbind /proc $TARGET/proc
    mount -o rbind /sys $TARGET/sys
    mount -t efivarfs none $TARGET/sys/firmware/efi/efivars
}

install-vscode(){
    wget -qO - https://gitlab.com/paulcarroty/vscodium-deb-rpm-repo/raw/master/pub.gpg | gpg --dearmor | dd of=/usr/share/keyrings/vscodium-archive-keyring.gpg
    echo 'deb [ signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/vscodium-archive-keyring.gpg ] https://download.vscodium.com/debs vscodium main' | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/vscodium.list
    apt update;apt install -y codium 
}

install-doom(){
    wget -O - http://debian.drdteam.org/drdteam.gpg | apt-key add -
    add-apt-repository 'deb http://debian.drdteam.org/ stable multiverse'
    apt update;apt install -y zandronum doomseeker-zandronum 
}

install-element(){
    wget -O /usr/share/keyrings/element-io-archive-keyring.gpg https://packages.element.io/debian/element-io-archive-keyring.gpg
    echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/element-io-archive-keyring.gpg] https://packages.element.io/debian/ default main" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/element-io.list
    apt update;apt install -y element-desktop
}

install-vivaldi(){
    wget -qO- https://repo.vivaldi.com/archive/linux_signing_key.pub | gpg --dearmor | dd of=/usr/share/keyrings/vivaldi-browser.gpg
    echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/vivaldi-browser.gpg arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture)] https://repo.vivaldi.com/archive/deb/ stable main" | dd of=/etc/apt/sources.list.d/vivaldi-archive.list
    apt update && apt install vivaldi-stable -y
}

additional-software(){
    install-element
    install-doom
    install-vscode
    install-vivaldi
}

install() {
    partitions
    sed -i '/^SigLevel/s/^\(.*\)$/#\1\n/' /etc/pacman.conf
    sed -i '/#SigLevel/a SigLevel = Never' /etc/pacman.conf
    pacman -Sy archlinux-keyring debootstrap --noconfirm
    apt update;apt install debootstrap -y 
    rm -rf /debootstrap 
    debootstrap --arch amd64 $DEBIAN_RELEASE $TARGET https://deb.debian.org/debian
    apt-tweaks
    systemMounts
    cp -f /etc/resolv.conf $TARGET/etc/
    echo "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin" > $TARGET/setup.sh 
    echo "deb https://deb.debian.org/debian $DEBIAN_RELEASE main contrib non-free" >>$TARGET/etc/apt/sources.list
    echo "deb deb https://deb.debian.org/debian-security $DEBIAN_RELEASE-security main" >>$TARGET/etc/apt/sources.list
    echo "deb https://deb.debian.org/debian $DEBIAN_RELEASE-updates main " >>$TARGET/etc/apt/sources.list
    chroot $TARGET /usr/bin/apt update
    chroot $TARGET /usr/bin/bash -c "export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive;/usr/bin/apt install -y $PACKAGES"
    cp -f debian.tar $TARGET/etc/default/
    locale
    accounts
    auto_login
    custom_service_files
    services
    setup_script "$1"
    echo -e "ALGO=zstd\nPERCENT=60" | tee -a $TARGET/etc/default/zramswap
    unmount
}

apt-tweaks(){
    echo 'DPkg::Post-Invoke {"/usr/bin/debian.sh snapshot";};' > $TARGET/etc/apt/apt.conf
    echo 'force-unsafe-io' > $TARGET/etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg.d/docker-apt-speedup
}

desktop(){
    systemctl disable --now exim4
    systemctl disable --now cockpit.socket
    systemctl disable --now redis-server
    systemctl disable --now apparmor
    systemctl disable --now nfs-server
    systemctl disable --now smbd
    systemctl disable --now rpbind
    systemctl disable --now bluetooth
    apt -y purge apparmor
    apt remove unattended-upgrades chromium chromium-common chromium-sandbox firefox-esr epiphany-browser epiphany-browser-data -y
    apt autoremove -y
}

snapshots() {
    echo
    echo "Creating Snapshots....."
    echo
    DATE=$(echo $(date +%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S))
    btrfs sub snapshot / /.snapshots/root-${DATE}
    update-grub
}

remove-snapshots() {
    btrfs sub delete /.snapshots/*
    rm -f /boot/loader/entries/root-*
}

enter_chroot() {
    printf "$DISK_PASSWORD" | cryptsetup open ${BTRFS} root     
    mounts
    systemMounts 
    chroot $TARGET /bin/bash
}

flatpaks() {
	flatpak remote-add --user --if-not-exists flathub https://flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo
    for i in "${FLATPAKS[@]}"; do
    echo $i
        flatpak install $i -y
    done
}


grub-snapshots(){
    cd /opt
    git clone https://github.com/Antynea/grub-btrfs.git
    cd /opt/grub-btrfs
    make
}

kernel-packages(){
    /usr/bin/apt install --reinstall -y  linux-image-`ls /lib/modules/` grub-efi efibootmgr plymouth plymouth-themes btrfs-progs cryptsetup-initramfs linux-image-amd64 linux-headers-amd64 firmware-iwlwifi firmware-linux firmware-linux-nonfree
}

bootloader() {
    rm -rf /boot/grub/themes
    mkdir /boot/grub/themes
    tar xf /etc/default/debian.tar -C /boot/grub/themes/
    plymouth-set-default-theme -R spacefun
    echo "root UUID=$(/sbin/blkid | grep $BTRFS | cut -d '"' -f2)  none luks" > /etc/crypttab 
    /sbin/update-initramfs -c -k all
    echo "GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=\"quiet splash\"" >/etc/default/grub 
    echo "GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=cryptdevice=UUID=$(/sbin/blkid | grep $BTRFS | cut -d '"' -f2):root root=UUID=$(/sbin/blkid | grep root | cut -d '"' -f4) rootflags=subvol@${ROOT_NAME} mitigations=-off" >>/etc/default/grub   
    echo "GRUB_ENABLE_CRYPTODISK=y" >>/etc/default/grub   
    echo "GRUB_THEME=/boot/grub/themes/theme.txt"  >>/etc/default/grub   
    /sbin/grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=debian
    /sbin/update-grub
}

 function setup_script() {
    cp -f debian.sh $TARGET/usr/bin/
    echo 'bash /usr/bin/debian.sh kernel-packages' >>$TARGET/setup.sh
    sed -i 's/most/dep/i' $TARGET/etc/initramfs-tools/initramfs.conf 
    echo "bash /usr/bin/debian.sh bootloader $1" >>$TARGET/setup.sh
    echo 'bash /usr/bin/debian.sh grub-snapshots' >>$TARGET/setup.sh
    echo 'bash /usr/bin/debian.sh desktop' >>$TARGET/setup.sh
    echo 'bash /usr/bin/debian.sh additional-software' >>$TARGET/setup.sh
    echo 'bash /usr/bin/debian.sh btrfs-tweaks' >>$TARGET/setup.sh

   
    chmod +x $TARGET/usr/bin/debian.sh
    chmod +x $TARGET/setup.sh
    chroot $TARGET /setup.sh
    rm -f $TARGET/setup.sh
}

btrfs_filesytem() {
    btrfs sub create $TARGET/@$ROOT_NAME
    btrfs sub create $TARGET/@.snapshots
    btrfs sub create $TARGET/@libvirt
    btrfs sub create $TARGET/@home
    btrfs sub create $TARGET/@root
    btrfs sub create $TARGET/@containers
    echo
    echo "Binding BTRFS Root"
    echo
    umount $TARGET
    mount -o $COMPRESSION,subvol=@$ROOT_NAME /dev/mapper/root $TARGET
}

mounts() {
    echo
    echo "Mounting......."
    mount /dev/mapper/root $TARGET
    btrfs_filesytem
    mkdir -p $TARGET/boot
    mount -t ext4 $BOOT $TARGET/boot
    mkdir -p $TARGET/boot/efi
    mount $EFI $TARGET/boot/efi
    #CONFIGURE DATA DIRS (HOME)
    mkdir $TARGET/home
    mount -o subvol=@home /dev/mapper/root $TARGET/home
}

unmount() {
    echo
    echo "Unmounting....."
    umount $TARGET/proc
    umount $TARGET/dev
    umount $TARGET/sys
    umount $TARGET/boot
    umount $TARGET/home
    umount -R $TARGET/*
    umount -R $TARGET
    umount -R $TARGET
}

locale() {
    echo "ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/US/Mountain /etc/localtime" >>$TARGET/setup.sh
    echo "hwclock --systohc" >>$TARGET/setup.sh
    echo "en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8" >$TARGET/etc/locale.gen
    echo "locale-gen" >>$TARGET/setup.sh
}

partitions() {
    echo
    echo "Setting Up Partitions....."
    printf "$DISK_PASSWORD" | cryptsetup open ${BTRFS} root

    unmount

    echo
    echo "Formatting $EFI"
    echo
    echo y | mkfs.vfat $EFI
    echo "Formatting $BOOT"
    echo y | mkfs.ext4 $BOOT

    mounts

    #Configure /etc/fstab
    fstab
}

fstab() {
    mkdir $TARGET/etc
    echo "UUID=$(/sbin/blkid | grep ${BOOT} | cut -d '"' -f2)  /boot ext4 defaults 0 1" >$TARGET/etc/fstab
    echo "UUID=$(/sbin/blkid | grep ${EFI} | cut -d '"' -f4)  /boot/efi vfat umask=0077 0 1" >>$TARGET/etc/fstab
    echo "/dev/mapper/root / btrfs noatime,nodiratime,autodefrag,$COMPRESSION,subvol=@$ROOT_NAME 0 1" >>$TARGET/etc/fstab
    echo "/dev/mapper/root /.snapshots btrfs noatime,nodiratime,autodefrag,$COMPRESSION,subvol=@.snapshots 0 1" >>$TARGET/etc/fstab
    echo "/dev/mapper/root /var/lib/libvirt btrfs noatime,nodiratime,autodefrag,$COMPRESSION,subvol=@libvirt 0 1" >>$TARGET/etc/fstab
    echo "tmpfs /var/log tmpfs defaults 0 0" >>$TARGET/etc/fstab
    echo "tmpfs /var/tmp tmpfs defaults 0 0" >>$TARGET/etc/fstab
    echo "tmpfs /home/${USER}/.cache tmpfs rw,user,exec 0 0" >>$TARGET/etc/fstab
    echo "tmpfs /home/${USER}/Downloads tmpfs rw,user,exec 0 0" >>$TARGET/etc/fstab
    echo "/dev/mapper/root /home btrfs noatime,nodiratime,autodefrag,$COMPRESSION,subvol=@home 0 1" >>$TARGET/etc/fstab
    echo "/dev/mapper/root /root btrfs noatime,nodiratime,autodefrag,$COMPRESSION,subvol=@root 0 1" >>$TARGET/etc/fstab
    echo "/dev/mapper/root /var/lib/containers btrfs noatime,nodiratime,autodefrag,$COMPRESSION,subvol=@containers 0 1" >>$TARGET/etc/fstab
}

accounts() {
    echo
    echo "Set Password for $USER"
    echo "useradd -m -s /bin/bash $USER" >>$TARGET/setup.sh
    echo "echo \"$USER:$USER_PASSWORD\"| chpasswd " >>$TARGET/setup.sh
    echo "gpasswd -a $USER wheel" >>$TARGET/setup.sh
    echo "gpasswd -a $USER network" >>$TARGET/setup.sh
    echo "gpasswd -a $USER video" >>$TARGET/setup.sh
    echo "gpasswd -a $USER libvirt" >>$TARGET/setup.sh
    echo "gpasswd -a $USER netdev" >>$TARGET/setup.sh
    echo "$USER ALL=(ALL) ALL" >$TARGET/etc/sudoers
    echo "root ALL=(ALL) ALL" >>$TARGET/etc/sudoers
    echo
    echo "Setting ROOT Password:"
    echo "echo \"root:$ROOT_PASSWORD\"| chpasswd " >>$TARGET/setup.sh
    echo "/usr/bin/hostnamectl hostname $ROOT_NAME" >>$TARGET/setup.sh
}

btrfs-tweaks() {
DISABLE_COW=("/var/lib/docker"  "/var/lib/containers"  "/volumes"  "/var/lib/mysql"  "/var/lib/libvirt");  

     for i in "${DISABLE_COW[@]}"
        do
                chattr -R +C $i 
        done
}


custom_service_files() {
    echo "systemctl set-default graphical.target" >>$TARGET/setup.sh
 
    echo "[Unit]" >$TARGET/etc/systemd/system/powertop.service
    echo "Description=Powertop tunings" >>$TARGET/etc/systemd/system/powertop.service
    echo "[Service]" >>$TARGET/etc/systemd/system/powertop.service
    echo "Type=oneshot" >>$TARGET/etc/systemd/system/powertop.service
    echo "ExecStart=/usr/sbin/powertop --auto-tune" >>$TARGET/etc/systemd/system/powertop.service
    echo "[Install]" >>$TARGET/etc/systemd/system/powertop.service
    echo "WantedBy=multi-user.target" >>$TARGET/etc/systemd/system/powertop.service

}

services() {
    for i in "${SERVICES[@]}"
        do
                echo "systemctl enable $i" >>$TARGET/setup.sh
        done

}

initialize-disk() {
    parted /dev/$HARD_DISK mklabel gpt
    parted /dev/$HARD_DISK mkpart primary fat32 1MiB 200MiB
    parted /dev/$HARD_DISK mkpart primary ext3 200MiB 700MiB
    parted /dev/$HARD_DISK set 1 esp on
    parted /dev/$HARD_DISK mkpart P2 ext3 700MiB 100%
    printf "$DISK_PASSWORD\n$DISK_PASSWORD" | cryptsetup luksFormat ${BTRFS}
    printf "$DISK_PASSWORD" | cryptsetup open ${BTRFS} root 
    echo
    echo "Formatting....."
    echo y | mkfs.btrfs /dev/mapper/root --force
}

wifi() {
    iwctl --passphrase $WIRELESS_PASSWORD station $WIRELESS_INTERFACE connect $SSID
}

show-help() {
    echo
    echo "debian.sh arguments:"
    echo
    echo "./debian.sh install [disk]"
    echo "./debian.sh backup [device name] [home]"
    echo "./debian.sh restore [disk] [backup name] [home]"
    echo "./debian.sh chroot [disk]"
    echo "./debian.sh wifi"
    echo "./debian.sh bootloader [disk]"
    echo "./debian.sh initialize [disk]"
    echo "./debian.sh snapshot"
    echo "./debian.sh reomve-snapshot"
    echo "./debian.sh btrfs-tweaks"
    echo
}

if [ "$1" = "install" ]; then
    install "$2"
elif [ "$1" = "desktop" ]; then
    desktop
elif [ "$1" = "kernel-packages" ]; then
    kernel-packages
elif [ "$1" = "upgrade-system" ]; then
    upgrade-system
elif [ "$1" = "additional-software" ]; then
    additional-software
elif [ "$1" = "chroot" ]; then
    enter_chroot
elif [ "$1" = "initialize" ]; then
    initialize-disk
elif [ "$1" = "wifi" ]; then
    wifi
elif [ "$1" = "flatpaks" ]; then
    flatpaks
elif [ "$1" = "bootloader" ]; then
    bootloader
elif [ "$1" = "snapshot" ]; then
    snapshots
elif [ "$1" = "backup" ]; then
    net-backup "$2" "$3"
elif [ "$1" = "grub-snapshots" ]; then
    grub-snapshots
elif [ "$1" = "btrfs-tweaks" ]; then
    btrfs-tweaks
elif [ "$1" = "restore" ]; then
    net-restore "$2" "$3" "$4"